Abstract
Black phosphorus is a fascinating layered material, with extraordinary anisotropic mechanical, optical and electronic properties. However, the sensitivity of black phosphorus to oxygen and moisture poses significant challenges for technological applications of this unique material. Here, we report a viable solution that overcomes degradation of few-layer black phosphorus by passivating the surface with self-assembled monolayers of octadecyltrichlorosilane that provide long-term stability in ambient conditions. Importantly, we show that this treatment does not cause any undesired carrier doping of the bulk channel material, thanks to the emergent hierarchical interface structure. Our approach is compatible with conventional electronic materials processing technologies thus providing an immediate route toward practical applications in black phosphorus devices.
Highlights
Black phosphorus (BP) is one of the most interesting layered materials, holding promise for emerging electronic and optoelectronic device technologies.[1,2,3,4] The crystalline structure of BP displays in-plane anisotropy in addition to the out-of-plane anisotropy characteristic to layered materials.[2, 5, 6] BP supports anisotropic optical and transport responses that can enable unique device architectures.[7]
A scheme of our device structure is shown in Fig. 1a, where a thin native phosphorus oxide (BPO) layer bridges between OTS molecules and a BP crystal that forms the channel of a field-effect transistor (FET)
The source and drain electrodes were defined by electron beam lithography on exfoliated BP flakes (8–10 nm thick) followed by metallization (Ti/ Au)
Summary
Black phosphorus (BP) is one of the most interesting layered materials, holding promise for emerging electronic and optoelectronic device technologies.[1,2,3,4] The crystalline structure of BP displays in-plane anisotropy in addition to the out-of-plane anisotropy characteristic to layered materials.[2, 5, 6] BP supports anisotropic optical and transport responses that can enable unique device architectures.[7]. Black phosphorus (BP) is one of the most interesting layered materials, holding promise for emerging electronic and optoelectronic device technologies.[1,2,3,4] The crystalline structure of BP
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