Abstract
Summary Pulmonary postoperative complications (PPCs) occur in 5% of patients undergoing surgery and anaesthesia, and could be associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality. Different mechanical ventilation techniques for general anaesthesia, the use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), protective tidal volume (VT) and recruitment manoeuvres (RMs), have been proposed in order to reduce the incidence of PPC. The aim of this review is: 1. To analyse the effects of general anaesthesia on respiratory function. 2. To evaluate the different general anaesthetic protective mechanical ventilation strategies proposed for use during open and laparoscopic surgery. 3. To provide a brief focus on ventilation strategies during anaesthesia for particular diseases such as obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.
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