Protective Function of Guava (Psidium guajava) Juice Combined with Trehalose in Kidney and Pancreas in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Type II diabetes (T2DM) is one of the most epidemic metabolic syndrome. Guava (Psidium guajava) has been reported anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐diabetic ability in type I diabetic rats. To further improve the metabolic parameters, we added trehalose, which can reduce apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress. The present study was designed to explore the protective mechanisms of guava juice combination with trehalose in the T2DM rats.T2DM was induced in female Wistar rats by intraperitoneal nicotinamide and streptozotocin combined with high fructose diets. After successfully diabetic induction, the rats were divided into control, T2DM, T2DM with 4 ml/kg guava + trehalose (T1), 8 ml/kg guava plus trehalose (T2), 20 ml/kg guava plus trehalose (T5) or 4 ml/kg guava juice (B1) for 4 weeks. We explored the protective mechanisms by a chemiluminescence‐amplification method, immunohistochemistry, fluorescent stain and western blot.The level of fasting blood glucose, OGTT and HbA1C was significantly elevated in T2DM compared to control rats. The insulin level measured by area under curve was significantly higher in the T5 compared to T2DM rats. The level of serum and renal reactive oxygen species, 3‐nitrotyrosine‐related oxidative stress, caspase‐3‐mediated apoptosis, IL‐1β‐mediated pyroptosis was significantly higher in T2DM rats vs control rats. These oxidative parameters were significantly depressed in the groups of B1, T1, T2 and T5. Our data showed that guava juice with trehalose in T1, T2, T5 rats had less oxidative damage in the kidney and pancreas compared to B1 rats.The combination of guava juice and trehalose protects pancreas and kidney against hyperglycemia‐induced inflammation and oxidative injury.