Abstract
BackgroundManipulation of functional dairy products and natural phytochemicals may be a good source of micronutrients for traditional therapies and improve the hypoglycemia. The objective of this study to find out the protective effects of whey protein (WP) mixed with Garcinia kola seeds (GK) and extract of olive leaves (OL) against alloxan-induced oxidative stress and diabetes in rats.MethodsThe 42 male Sprague-Dawley rats (120-150 g) were housed individually and randomly allocated to two main groups; normal group (n = 6) and six equal alloxan-induced diabetic groups (n = 36). Normal (first) and diabetic control (second) groups received basal diet only during the experiment, while groups (third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh) received basal diet and an oral extract from WB (300 mg/day); OL (200 mg/day); WP and OL mixture (300 + 200 mg/day); GK (15 mg/day); and WP and GK mixture (300 + 15 mg/day) respectively. Biochemical markers including hematological parameters, glucose, BUN, creatinine, albumin, total protein, and liver enzymes were determined. Brain sample were taken for histopathological examination.ResultsIn comparison with second group, the administration of WP, GK, OL, WP and GK mixture, and WP and OL extracts respectively resulted in significant decrease in blood glucose (61.0 ± 10.8, 68.5 ± 6.6, 64.8 ± 14.6, 82.2 ± 8.4, and 91.7 ± 20 vs. 135.6 mg/dl ± 12.3 respectively). Liver enzymes were improved with administration of WP, GK, and OL extracts compared with positive control. Brain histopathological investigation showed reduction in tissue changes among rats received the suggested interventions.ConclusionsThe obtained data can be concluded that administration of WP, GK, and OL extracts had evident favorable effects on blood glucose, major hematological, and biochemical parameters as well as the histological picture of brain.
Highlights
Manipulation of functional dairy products and natural phytochemicals may be a good source of micronutrients for traditional therapies and improve the hypoglycemia
The values of white blood cells were decreased with administration of whey protein mixed with G. kola (WPGK)
Whey protein, G. kola, and olive leaves extract were investigated against changes in some blood markers, enzyme activities, and brain histology in alloxan-induced diabetes rats
Summary
Manipulation of functional dairy products and natural phytochemicals may be a good source of micronutrients for traditional therapies and improve the hypoglycemia. The objective of this study to find out the protective effects of whey protein (WP) mixed with Garcinia kola seeds (GK) and extract of olive leaves (OL) against alloxan-induced oxidative stress and diabetes in rats. Whey protein is naturally bioactive which basically contains high concentrations of cysteine and glutathione—an antioxidant that is essential for improving human health. Garcinia kola (family-Guttifera) known as bitter kola, false kola, and male kola, and it is an evergreen, Abdel-Salam et al Bulletin of the National Research Centre (2018) 42:13 dicotyledonous plant found in moist forest, riverine, and swampy areas. It occurs naturally in Sierra Leone, Nigeria, and Angola. Garcinia kola has been reported to possess some hepatoprotective and aphrodisiac properties (Atawodi et al 1995; Tita et al 2001)
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