Abstract
Gentamicin (GNT) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is that's employed in the treatment of diverse forms of bacterial infections. However, gentamicin evoked renal toxicity. Therefore, the present experiment investigated the protecting impact of Tribulus terrestris and vitamin C against GNT-induced renal toxicity in albino rats. Six groups with eight rats each were used for this purpose; they included the normal control group that received physiological saline, the second group received Tribulus terrestris(200 mg kg orally), the third group received Vit. C(200 mg kg, orally). The fourth group injected gentamicin sulfate (100mg/kg I/P). The fifth group received Tribulus terrestris (200 mg kg orally) then injected with gentamicin sulfate, the sixth group received Vit. C (200 mg kg orally) then injected with gentamicin sulfate. The results showed that GNT significantly decreases serum levels of total protein and albumin. On the other hand, there were significant increases in levels of BUN, creatinine, and uric acid. Significant decreases were recorded in the levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In addition, there was a substantial increase in the kidney contents of malondialdehyde (MDA). Serum levels of beta 2 microglobulin (β2M), nitric oxide (NO), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were substantially magnified but glutathione S transferase (GST) was significantly declined. Also, GNT caused histopathological changes and increased the expression of caspase-3 in the kidney tissues. However, administration of Tribulus terrestris as well as vitamin C, ameliorated the GNT-induced nephrotoxicity, perhaps via their antioxidant properties.
Highlights
Today, diseases associated with kidney and urinary tracts are more common in each developed and developing countries (Harambat et al, 2012)
This study erected that the administration of Tribulus terrestris and vitamin C could reduce the severity of nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin attributable to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect our result revealed that Tribulus terrestris was a stronger nephroprotective agent than vitamin C
We revealed that rats treated with gentamicin showed a reduction in renal function, with marked proximal tubule damage and increased levels of serum creatinine, BUN, and uric acid with increment in total protein excretion in urine due to inability of kidneys to filter creatinine and non-protein waste products (Perrone et al, 1992)
Summary
Diseases associated with kidney and urinary tracts are more common in each developed and developing countries (Harambat et al, 2012). The incidence increased regularly with the increasing variety of medications induced nephrotoxicity (Jha V, 1995). Gentamicin (GNT) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used for the treatment of severe bacterial infections those of gram-negative organisms, restricted in use as it considered as a Drug-induced acute renal failure (ARF) (Ali et al, 2011). GNT induced reduction in creatinine clearance and this is indicative of reduced kidney perfusion and a remarkable tissue injury. These facts were bolstered by histopathological results, which demonstrate the loss of cellular components of renal tubules. Gentamicin increases the plasma urea level (Ogundipe et al, 2017)
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