Abstract
ABSTRACTBackground: The beneficial properties of tea polyphenols have been extensively studied; however, less attention has been paid to their effects, especially anti-inflammatory effect during exhaustive exercise.Objective: The present study assessed the potential protective effects of tea polyphenols against the fatigue, inflammation and tissue injury caused by an exhaustive exercise bout in rats.Design: Twenty-four healthy male rats were divided into three groups. Group C was a sedentary control group, Groups E+TP and Group E performed a single exhaustive swimming test; all groups had normal diets, but Group E+TP was supplemented with tea polyphenols. All rats were immediately euthanized after exhaustive exercise, and biochemical and inflammatory parameters, including lactic acid (LA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) activity levels, were measured. Reverse transcription (RT) and Real-Time PCR was employed to evaluate the mRNA expression of IL-1β in the liver.Results: The results showed a decrease in serum LA levels (22%, p < 0.05) in rats that consumed dietary tea polyphenols. Interestingly, dietary tea polyphenols decreased the serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α: 13%, p < 0.05; IL-1β: 10%, p < 0.05; and IL-6: 48%, p < 0.05) and shifted the serum IL-10/TNF-α ratio to a predominantly anti-inflammatory milieu (0.52 ± 0.07 vs. 0.67 ± 0.10, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the polyphenols effectively inhibited the release of tissue damage markers (CK: 24%, p < 0.05 and LDH: 28%, p < 0.05) in the serum and decreased IL-1β mRNA expression in the liver.Conclusions: This study indicated that tea polyphenols could significantly protect rats from the fatigue, inflammation and tissue damage induced by acute exhaustive exercise.
Highlights
Regular and moderate exercise has been demonstrated to play a key role in increasing resistance to common infectious diseases and in reducing the risk of developing diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and some types of cancers [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
There was no obvious difference between Group E and Group E+TP in the serum levels of the antiinflammatory factor IL-10 (Table 1); as shown in Table 1, the IL 10/tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ratio of Group
The protective effects of tea polyphenols against fatigue, inflammation and tissue injury were investigated in acutely exhausted rats
Summary
Regular and moderate exercise has been demonstrated to play a key role in increasing resistance to common infectious diseases and in reducing the risk of developing diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and some types of cancers [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Exhaustive exercise is known to induce a situation of oxidative stress, fatigue, and tissue injury, such as muscle damage, as indicated by an increase in the activity levels of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) [8,9,10,11]. Objective: The present study assessed the potential protective effects of tea polyphenols against the fatigue, inflammation and tissue injury caused by an exhaustive exercise bout in rats. All rats were immediately euthanized after exhaustive exercise, and biochemical and inflammatory parameters, including lactic acid (LA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) activity levels, were measured. Conclusions: This study indicated that tea polyphenols could significantly protect rats from the fatigue, inflammation and tissue damage induced by acute exhaustive exercise
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