Protective Effects of Polyphenol Enriched Complex Plants Extract on Metabolic Dysfunctions Associated with Obesity and Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases in High Fat Diet-Induced C57BL/6 Mice.

Ahtesham Hussain,Jong-Seok Kim,Jin Sook Cho,Young Ik Lee

doi:10.3390/molecules26020302

Ahtesham Hussain, Jong-Seok Kim + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020302

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Abstract

Background: Currently, obesity is a global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence and associated health risk. It is associated with various metabolic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, certain forms of cancer, and non-alcoholic liver diseases (NAFLD). Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the effects of polyphenol enriched herbal complex (Rubus crataegifolius/ellagic acid, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge/vitexin, chlorogenic acid, Cinnamomum cassiaa/cinnamic acid) on obesity and obesity induced NAFLD in the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. Methods: Obesity was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using HFD. After 8 weeks, the mice were treated with HFD+ plants extract for 8 weeks. Body weight, food intake weekly, and blood sugar level were measured. After sacrifice, changes in the treated group’s liver weight, fat weight, serum biochemical parameters, hormone levels, and enzyme levels were measured. For histological analysis, tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Oil Red-O. Results: Our results showed that the herbal complex ameliorated body weight and liver weight gain, and decreased total body fat in HFD-fed animals. Post prandial blood glucose (PBG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were lower in the herbal complex-treated group than in the HFD control group. Additionally, herbal formulation treatment significantly increased HDL levels in serum and decreased TC, TG, AST, ALT, deposition of fat droplets in the liver, and intima media thickness (IMT) in the aorta. Herbal complex increased serum adiponectin and decreased serum leptin. Herbal complex also increased carnitine palmityl transferase (CPT) activity and significantly decreased enzyme activity of beta-hydroxy beta methyl glutamyl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, and fatty acid synthase (FAS). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that the herbal complex is an effective herbal formulation in the attenuation of obesity and obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction including NAFLD in HFD-induced mouse model.

Highlights

We evaluated the anti-obesity and related metabolic dysfunctions including NAFLD of plants extract, using a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mouse model
We investigated the mode of action of plants extract, their hepatoprotective effect especially in lipid metabolism, and anti-atherogenic effects in HFD-fed mice
The risk of NAFLD/NASH was from 4.1- to 14-fold higher in patients with a higher BMI

Summary

Introduction

Obesity results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure due to excessive consumption of foods rich in fat and carbohydrates [1]. It is associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, non-alcoholic liver diseases (NAFLD), and certain forms of cancer. A common group of cholesterol-lowering pharmaceuticals, effectively decrease low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol by inhibiting beta-hydroxy beta methyl glutamyl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase. They have been found to have adverse side-effects, and severe complications. Considering the high prevalence of adverse side effects associated with the drugs used for its management, it is important to find a safe alternative formulation for the control of obesity and associated metabolic dysfunctions including NAFLD

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