Abstract
In this work we investigated the in vivo protective effects of Baccharis dracunculifolia leaves extract (BdE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- and acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant DPPH radical scavenging activity, and HPLC analysis were performed. Our results showed that pretreatment with BdE significantly reduced the damage caused by CCl4 and APAP on the serum markers of hepatic injury, AST, ALT, and ALP. Results were confirmed by histopathological analysis. Phytochemical analysis, performed by HPLC, showed that BdE was rich in p-coumaric acid derivatives, caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids. BdE also showed DPPH antioxidant activity (EC50 of 15.75 ± 0.43 μg/mL), and high total phenolic (142.90 ± 0.77 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (51.47 ± 0.60 mg RE/g) contents. This study indicated that B. dracunculifolia leaves extract has relevant in vivo hepatoprotective properties.
Highlights
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated spontaneously in cells during metabolism and are implicated in the aetiology of different degenerative diseases, such as heart diseases, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and cancer [1]
In the present study, we investigated the activity of B. dracunculifolia leaves extract against CCl4- and APAP-induced liver damage, which have not been reported
Chemical structures of major compounds identified from Baccharis dracunculifolia leaves extract (BdE): caffeic acid (1), p-coumaric acid (2), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 4,5-di-Ocaffeoylquinic acid (5), cinnamic acid (6), aromadendrin-4'-O-methyl ether (7), drupanin
Summary
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated spontaneously in cells during metabolism and are implicated in the aetiology of different degenerative diseases, such as heart diseases, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and cancer [1]. Oxidative stress is the main cause of liver diseases, and plant extracts with antioxidant activity have received special attention as possible preventive and therapeutic agents, since they are able to decrease the production and/or to eliminate produced ROS [2,3]. Chemicals, such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and acetaminophen (APAP) produce liver toxicity associated to oxidative stress, causing necrosis of hepatocytes and, as a result, releasing enzymes, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) into the circulating blood [4]. There is a great deal of interest in plants, beverages and foods that contain antioxidants and health-promoting phytochemicals as potential therapeutic agents [1]
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