Abstract
Background: Allium hirtifolium and Satureja khuzestanica are the Iranian endemic plants and proper candidates for antioxidant studies. This study investigated the antioxidant, anti-hemolytic properties, and phytochemical composition in different extracts of A. hirtifolium and S. khuzestanica. Methods: Hydroalcoholic, methanolic, and n-hexane extracts of A. hirtifolium and S. khuzestanica plants were prepared using soaking and ultrasonic methods. Different plant extracts were evaluated for the presence of secondary metabolites using standard methods based on colorimetric analysis. The antioxidant properties of the compounds were measured by the ferric reducing ability of power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. Finally, the anti-hemolytic effects of the extracts were investigated using the 2,2’-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) methods. Results: Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of flavonoids, phenolic acids, glycosides, steroids, and terpenoids in S. khuzestanica, as well as amino acid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, and phenols in A. hirtifolium. FRAP assay showed that the methanolic extract of S. khuzestanica and the n-hexane extract of A. hirtifolium have the highest total antioxidant activity. The results of the DPPH assay also demonstrated that the minimum IC50 was related to the hydroalcoholic extract of S. khuzestanica (18.58 µg/mL) and the n-hexane extract of A. hirtifolium (87.95 µg/mL). In general, the extracts of both plants could reduce the percentage of AAPH-induced hemolysis while being significant only in some concentrations (P<0.001). Conclusion: Overall, A. hirtifolium and S. khuzestanica can be used as a herbal supplement in the human diet due to their anti-hemolytic effects.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is the situation in which there is an impairment in the balance between free radicals and antioxidant defenses
Phytochemical Screening Based on the results (Table 1), amino acids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, and phenols were found in the A. hirtifolium extract
Flavonoids, phenolic acid, glycosides, steroids, and terpenoids were observed in the S. khuzestanica extract
Summary
Oxidative stress is the situation in which there is an impairment in the balance between free radicals and antioxidant defenses. According to the World Health Organization report, the use of medicinal herbs or herbal supplements for sustaining or upgrading health has been developed in recent years [5]. These herbs can prevent oxidative stress-related diseases through their antioxidative ability and radical scavenging activity [6]. Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad, which is commonly known as Jamzad, is an aromatic herb of the Lamiaceae family that is growing in the south of Lorestan Province in southwestern Iran [7] This herbal medicine is applied as a dental analgesic and an oral antiseptic agent in traditional medicine.
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