Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the antidiabetic activity of vanillin in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Diabetes was induced in 2-day old male pups by intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of STZ (90 mg/kg). The pups were then randomly assigned to four groups: control group which received citrate buffer only in place of STZ; negative control group, i.e., diabetic group; and vanillin-treated groups which received vanillin (100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) continuously from the 6th week of age to the 10th week. The antidiabetic effect of vanillin was determined by measuring the serum levels of insulin, triglycerides and glucose in the diabetic rats. Oral glucose tolerance, kidney and liver function tests were also performed at the end of the protocol. Moreover, the oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in liver tissues, and histopathological changes in pancreatic tissues were assessed.Results: Vanillin treatment significantly decreased serum glucose and triglyceride levels and increased the level of insulin, when compared to the negative control group. There was higher insulin sensitivity in the vanillin-treated group than in the negative control group. In addition, vanillin improved liver and renal functions in STZ-induced diabetic neonatal rats. Hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators, as well as histopathological changes in pancreas were attenuated by vanillin treatment.Conclusion: These results reveal that vanillin attenuates hyperglycemia in STZ-induced neonatal diabetic rat model by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. There, further studies are required to develop the anti-diabetic potentials of vanillin for clinical applications.Keywords: Vanillin, Streptozotocin, Diabetes, Oxidative stress, Insulin, Neonatal
Highlights
Diabetes is one of the most serious metabolic disorders and a leading cause of mortality worldwide
The present study was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of vanillin in STZ-induced diabetes in neonatal rats
The data obtained in the present study reveal that treatment with vanillin enhances the sensitivity of insulin in diabetic rats
Summary
Diabetes is one of the most serious metabolic disorders and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The mean body weight and mean water intake of STZ-induced neonatal diabetic rats were recorded. Studies have shown that vanillin enhances the expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines and decreases the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines [6]. It has strong antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant and antidepressant activities [7,8,9,10]. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of vanillin in STZ-induced diabetes in neonatal rats. The inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and IL1 β) were assayed in the liver tissue homogenate using Bio-plex Pro-magnetic beadbased Luminex kit as per the instruction of manufacturer. Phycoerythrinconjugated streptavidin was added to the sample and analysis was done with Bio-Plex Manager software version 6.1
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