Protective effect of the gold nanoparticles green synthesized by Calendula officinalis L. extract on cerebral ischemia stroke-reperfusion injury in rats: A preclinical trial study

Abstract

Treating cerebral ischemia continues to be a clinical challenge. Studies have shown that the neurovascular unit, as the central structural basis, plays a key role in cerebral ischemia. In the recent study, we report herein a novel AuNPs green synthesized by Calendula officinalis L. for the treatment of cerebral ischemia stroke-reperfusion injury in rats. The post-synthetically modified biogenic material was analyzed in details over a number of physicochemical methods like, FT-IR, FE-SEM, and UV–Vis. In the cellular and molecular part of the recent study, the treated cells with Au NPs were assessed by MTT assay for 48 h about the cytotoxicity properties on normal (HUVEC) cell line. The rat ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 1.5 h and reperfusion for 60 h. The animals received an intravenous injection once a day of 10, 50 and 250 µg/kg of AuNPs for three consecutive days before the ischemia reperfusion. The immunoglobulin G extravasation, lactate dehydrogenase activity, serum malondialdehyde, infarct volume, and memory and learning function into cerebral parenchyma were assessed as the cell damage index. Pretreatment with AuNPs may also prevent the memory and learning deficits induced by an ischemia stroke-reperfusion injury. Pretreatment with AuNPs markedly prevented the immunoglobulin G extravasation and decreased the lactate dehydrogenase activity, serum malondialdehyde and infarct volume. In this study, we found that AuNPs had protective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.