Abstract
The glucotoxicity caused by long-term exposure of β-cells to high glucose (HG) conditions may lead to the generation of more reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduce the activity of antioxidant enzymes, cause cell damage and apoptosis, and induce insulin secretion dysfunction. Siegesbeckia orientalis linne is a traditional folk herbal medicine used to treat snake bites, rheumatoid arthritis, allergies, and immune deficiencies. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of S. orientalis ethanol extract (SOE) on cell death and oxidative stress in RIN-m5f pancreatic β-cells stimulated by two HG concentrations (50–100 mM). In the cell viability assay, SOE could significantly increase the survival rate of pancreatic β-cells under HG-induced conditions. For the oxidative stress induced by HG condition, the treatment of SOE effectively reduced the ROS formation, increased the content of intracellular glutathione, and up-regulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. As a result, the SOE treatment could decrease the glucotoxicity-mediated oxidative damage on RIN-m5F β-cells. Moreover, SOE had the function of regulating insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells under different HG-mediated conditions. It could decrease the increasing intracellular insulin secretion under the low glucose concentration to normal level; while increase the decreasing intracellular insulin secretion under the relatively high glucose concentration to normal level. Taken together, this study suggests that SOE has a protective effect on pancreatic β-cells under the HG-stimulated glucotoxic environment.
Highlights
The toxic effect of S. orientalis ethanol extract (SOE) on cancer cells was caused by inducing apoptosis of cancer cells [23]; this study found that SOE has a protective effect on the survival of β-cells in the high glucose (HG) environment
This study shows that SOE has an effective protective effect on the proliferation of RIN-m5f pancreatic β cells induced by HG
An effective protective effect of SOE on the proliferation of RIN-m5f pancreatic β-cells induced by HG was demonstrated
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a complicated metabolic disorder accompanied by hyperglycemia, mainly due to the inefficient secretion of insulin from the pancreatic β-cells, in conjunction with insulin resistance developed in cells, such as muscle, liver, etc. Pancreatic β-cells, which are extremely sensitive to blood glucose level, maintain glucose homeostasis by secreting and releasing insulin. Chronic exposure to high glucose (HG) concentration (hyperglycemia) has adverse impacts (referred to as glucotoxicity) on β-cells: it reduces the insulin secretion, the sensitivity to glucose stimulation, and the response to insulinotropic stimuli. All these detrimental effects eventually cause the progressive deterioration of β-cell mass and function. The status of β-cells is essential in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes [1,2,3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
