Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the gastro-protective efficacy of salvianolic acid B (SAB) against intestinal ischemic-reperfusion injury (IIRI) in a rat model.Methods: Forty-eight healthy male rats were randomly choosen and divided into 4 groups of 12 rats each. Control group rats underwent laparotomy without occlusion; IIRI group rats underwent laparotomy with occlusion for 60 min, followed by 24 h of reperfusion; SAB + IIRI group received 7 days of pretreatment with 40 mg/kg of SAB + IIRI; while the fourth group received only SAB. The antioxidant, inflammatory markers, intestinal permeability marker, as well as intestinal histopathological changes were assessed.Results: The activities of antioxidants including reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly ameliorated (p < 0.01) in SAB-supplemented group (SAB + IIRI). The concentration of inflammatory markers, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor p65 (NF-p65) as well as small intestinal permeability marker (FITC-Dextran), were significantly reduced (p < 0.01) following administration of SAB for 7 days. In addition, pretreatment with SAB reverted intestinal (ileum) histopathological changes to almost normal architecture with significant reduction in Chiu score.Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that SAB may protect the intestine by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response and hence, may be potentially for treating IIRI.Keywords: Salvianolic acid B, Intestinal Ischemia-reperfusion, Antioxidants, Inflammation, Intestinal permeability
Highlights
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IIRI) is a serious clinical condition occurred during septic shock, cardiopulmonary bypass, small bowel transplantation, strangulated hernias due to gastric barrier dysfunction and bacterial translocation [1]
Several researchers have indicated that inflammatory response and oxidative stress are the two crucial events that act as vicious cycle and elicit mucosal damage and results in IIRI [3,4]
Studies have highlighted that phytocompounds with antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties abolish IIRI in various animal models [5,6]
Summary
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IIRI) is a serious clinical condition occurred during septic shock, cardiopulmonary bypass, small bowel transplantation, strangulated hernias due to gastric barrier dysfunction and bacterial translocation [1]. It is probable that SAB may alleviate IR-induced injury in rat model This pre-clinical study was aimed to explore the gastroprotective property of SAB by evaluating various inflammatory markers (cytokines), antioxidant status and ileum histopathology analysis in IIRI a rat model. Laparotomy followed by occlusion and reperfusion except the control rats which were not clamped. Group I rats underwent laparotomy without occlusion or clamping and received only saline and served as control group. Group II rats underwent laparotomy with occlussion for 60 min and followed by 24 h of reperfusion (as indicated above) and received only saline and served as IIRI group. The significance difference between the control group and SAB group were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by LSD post-hoc test.
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