Protective effect of rutin and β-cyclodextrin against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by lambda-cyhalothrin in Wistar rats: biochemical, pathological indices and molecular analysis

Abstract

Background This study aimed to assess hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) and the protective effect of rutin alone and in combination with β-cyclodextrin (β–CD). Materials and methods Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Group 1: was used as a control and received a standard diet and water. Group 2, 3, 4 and 5 were orally administered with LCT (7.6 mg/kg body weight), rutin (200 mg/kg body weight) LCT and rutin (at the same doses as in Group 2 and Group 3), and LCT and a mixture of rutin with β-CD (400 mg/kg body weight), respectively. All experimental animals were orally gavaged 5 days/week for 60 days. Results Our data revealed that LCT-induced liver and kidney injuries were related to the up-regulated expression of TNF-α and down-regulated expression of NRF-2 genes mRNA, whereas these effects were reversed with rutin treatment. LCT-induced oxidative stress altered the histological picture, and the hematological and biochemical parameters. Conclusion Treatment with a rutin-β-CD complex had preventive potential against LCT via suppression of oxidative stress and augmentation of the antioxidant defense system.