Abstract
The present study examines the effect of polyphenols extract of adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) (APE) on high cholesterol diet fed rats (HCD). APE was orally administrated by gavage at doses of 10, 40 and 200 mg total phenolics/kg body weight of rats once a day for 28 days. At the end of four weeks, serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and markers of oxidative stress viz., malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the serum and liver of HCD and normal rats were assessed and compared. The results showed that administration of APE was significantly effective in decreasing the serum levels of TC, LDL-C and MDA, increasing the serum level of HDL-C and antioxidant capacity. In addition, oral gavage of APE could also increase the antioxidant capacity, CAT and GSH-Px activities in liver. These results suggested that APE exerted a high hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant activities, which might be characterized by a protective effect on cardiovascular health in vivo.
Highlights
Coronary heart disease (CHD), which is closely associated with atherosclerosis, is a major cause of death in developed countries
On the contrary, raised level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was associated with reduced risk of atherosclerosis, since high density lipoprotein in serum is thought to facilitate the translocation of excess cholesterol from the peripheral tissue to liver for further catabolism [17]
According to the references studied the hypocholesterolemic effect of phenolic compounds from other sources, we suspected the reduction of total cholesterol (TC) induced by Adlay Phenolic Extract (APE) might due to decrease of cholesterol absorption and biosynthesis and increase of faecal bile acid and cholesterol excretion [18]
Summary
Coronary heart disease (CHD), which is closely associated with atherosclerosis, is a major cause of death in developed countries. One of the initial events in the development of atherosclerosis is the accumulation of cells contained excess lipids within the arterial wall. Chen et al found flavonoids in adlay bran partly contribute to its anti-inflammatory effect [7]. Chung et al investigated the antiulcer activity of dehulled adlay, and demonstrated that caffeic acid was one of the compounds indicative of a gastroprotective agent [8]. They demonstrated the ethyl acetate fraction of adlay bran ethanolic extract retard carcinogenesis through an anti-inflammatory pathway, and potential active component was ferulic acid [9]. Our study aimed to evaluate its hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant effects on high cholesterol diet fed rats
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