Abstract
Background Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) has a pivotal role in the progression of acute renal failure. Reactive oxygen species are considered the major constituents involved in the biochemical and pathophysiological changes that were shown during kidney I/R. The purpose of this study was to examine the renoprotective effects of Stachys pilifera ethanolic extract on oxidant-antioxidant status in renal I/R-injuries in male rats. Material and methods. Twenty-one male Wistar rats were arbitrarily distributed into 3 groups: sham control (SC), I/R, and I/R + Stachys pilifera ethanolic extract (500 mg/kg). The artery and vein of the right kidney were completely blocked, and the right kidney was completely removed in all groups. Then, the left kidney artery was blocked with suture thread for 30 minutes in only I/R and I/R + SP extract groups. Kidney function indices, oxidative stress markers, and hematoxylin and eosin staining were investigated in the plasma and kidney tissues. Results It was shown that the urine Na and K, fractional excretion of Na and K, and protein carbonyl content markedly increased in the merely I/R group as compared to SC rats, while the administration of SP extract markedly reduced these indices (P < 0.05). Also, glomerular filtration rate and total thiol meaningfully reduced in the I/R rats in contrast to the SC group, while the treatment with SP extract markedly augmented these indices (P < 0.05). However, in agreement with renal function tests, SP extract had no significant effects on histopathological examinations. Conclusion It seems that SP extract employs renoprotective effects on renal damage induced by I/R, possibly by improving of oxidant-antioxidant status in favor of the antioxidant system.
Highlights
Acute kidney injury or acute renal failure (ARF) is an immediate loss of renal function that is connected with high mortality [1]
E levels of ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and T-SH contents in renal tissue were noticeably reduced in the I/R untreated rats in comparison to the sham control (SC) group, while the consumption of Stachys pilifera Benth (SP) ethanolic extract only could significantly augmented T-SH levels as compared to merely I/R animals (P < 0.05). e tissue Protein carbonyl (PCO) levels were strikingly augmented in I/R rats in contrast to the SC group (P < 0.05), whereas treatment of the I/R group with SP extract insignificantly reduced it. e MDA level was slightly enlarged in the I/R rats against the SC rats, while the administration of SP extract insignificantly reduced it (Figure 4)
In spite of the obviously dropped of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the I/R rats, the significant increment in UKV° and UNaV° was observed in this group; that may be related to defect in the K and Na reabsorption systems especially in the proximal tubule, loss of cell polarity of Na and K ATPase [32], and decrease in ATP level of cell during of I/R [32]
Summary
Acute kidney injury or acute renal failure (ARF) is an immediate loss of renal function that is connected with high mortality [1]. Ese changes were in agreement with the worsening of kidney function, signifying that renal I/R induced kidney ROS formation, reduced the capacity of cells to remove ROS, augmented endogenous antioxidant depletion, and deteriorated renal injury [8, 9]. Reactive oxygen species are considered the major constituents involved in the biochemical and pathophysiological changes that were shown during kidney I/R. e purpose of this study was to examine the renoprotective effects of Stachys pilifera ethanolic extract on oxidant-antioxidant status in renal I/R-injuries in male rats. It seems that SP extract employs renoprotective effects on renal damage induced by I/R, possibly by improving of oxidant-antioxidant status in favor of the antioxidant system
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