Abstract
Enrofloxacin is bactericidal and has excellent activity against both Grampositive and Gram-negative pathogens.120 male and female adult albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were allotted among three groups. The animal were given daily 75mg/kg of enrofloxacin intraperitonealy followed by injection of green tea extract 1%,1.5% and 3% for ten days. Various Structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells; mitotic activity and sperm head abnormality were recorded, quantitated, and statistically analyzed. Also DNA extraction and apoptosis detection in liver, kidney, and spleen was done; in addition to RNA damage was detected in lysate tissues. The intensity of apoptotic bands located at 200 b p; 400b p ; 600 b p; 800 b p and intact DNA measured by software Gel Pro program as maximum optical density values. Enrofloxacin had adverse effect on chromosomal and sperm head structure, also it induce apoptosis, necrosis and decrease total RNA in rat tissues. Green tea extract attenuate the enrofloxacin-related toxic effects. The most potent dose of Green tea extract was1% and the less effective was 3%.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIION Baculoviruses have a large circular double-stranded DNA genome ranging from approximately 80 to 180 kb in size (Blissard and Rohrmann, 1990)
Murphy et al (1995) have reported baculovirus infections in over 600 insect species in the order of Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Neuroptera, Trichopera and Thysanura, as well as in the Crustaceae order Decapoda, it is recently confirmed that only those derived from orders Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera are members of the family Baculoviridae (ICTV, 2009)
A candidate region was defined as a site within the polyhedrin open reading frame that had 17+ bases from the Universal Primer for Early and Rapid Detection of Nucleopolyhedroviruses of Multiple Species 59
Summary
INTRODUCTIION Baculoviruses have a large circular double-stranded DNA genome ranging from approximately 80 to 180 kb in size (Blissard and Rohrmann, 1990) They are considered to be the largest and most broadly studied insect viruses because they are of great interest and utility to large cross-sections of agricultural and biomedical research community. Several methods have been employed to detect wild type or recombinant nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), such as microscopic diagnosis (Traverner MP, Connor, 1992), serological techniques (Brown et al., 1982, Naser and Miltenburger, 1983, Webb and Shelton, 1990), radioimmunoassay techniques (Smith and Summers, 1981, Knell et al, 1983), and DNA dot blot hybridization assays (Ward et al, 1987, Keating et al, 1989) The use of these techniques has been limited because they are either tedious and unreliable, or because they utilize radioactive materials. After the first report about localization of the polyhedrin gene in
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