Abstract
Liver is considered as significant organ within body. Aims: Our survey aimed in illustrating protective effectiveness of gallic acid (GA) against high fat regimen nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Study design: In our study, Rats were classified into 3 groups; control, orally given fatty-sucrosed diet, gallic acid treated groups. Methodology: They were evaluated through measuring hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and gammaglutamyl-transferase; total, direct and indirect bilirubin; total protein, albumin and globulin; hepatic and adipose malondialdehyde, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activities; glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, leptin and adiponectin; tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-17 and interleukin-1beta; fatty acid synthase, acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase-α and HMGCoA reductase. Results: Our results demonstrated that GA ameliorated the elevated lipid, serum liver function enzymes, bilirubin and the decreased L.glycogen levels and serum protein profile. GA improved the hepatic and adipose antioxidants activities by decreasing MDA and increasing GST, SOD, Cat, GSH and GPx activities. GA ameliorated the elevated Glu, INS, HOMA-IR, LEP and the decreased adiponectin levels. Moreover, GA ameliorated the elevated TNF-α, IL-17, IL-1β, FAS, ACC-α and HMGCR levels. Liver and adipose histopathologies confirmed our results.
 Conclusion: Gallic acid intake exhibited a beneficial therapeutic effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease rats as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent.
Highlights
Metabolic diseases in human can be imitated in rodents by the usage of dietary interventions like high lipid regimen [1]
Our results revealed that the intake of high fat diet produced marked impairment demonstrated by significant increase in hepatic cholesterol, hepatic triglyceride, liver index and significant decrease in liver glycogen content as compared to normal rats, while oral gallic acid administration significantly decreased these elevated levels when compared with the high lipid regimen feeding rats and recorded a noticeable results compared to normal ones
Our results revealed that the intake of high fat diet produced a marked impairment demonstrated by significant serum total protein, albumin and globulin decrease as compared with normal rats, while oral gallic acid administration significantly increased these decreased levels when compared to the high fat diet feeding rats recording a noticeable amelioration
Summary
Metabolic diseases in human can be imitated in rodents by the usage of dietary interventions like high lipid regimen [1]. Chronic exposure to HFD resulted in hepatic steatosis in conjunction with obesity and impaired glucose tolerance condition characterized by dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, liver damage elevated markers, and hypoadiponectinemia [2]. High lipid regimen encourage a liver disease called NAFLD that is characterized by increased fat in liver, cumulation of hepatocytes fats, and inflammatory immune cells infiltration in parenchyma of liver and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion resulting in damage of liver [3]. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical condition characterized by significant precipitation of lipid in liver and persistent disorders in enzymes of liver [4]. The purpose of our survey was to evaluate protective influence of gallic acid against high lipid diet nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
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