Abstract
BackgroundRice prolamin has been reported to possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and immune-promoting properties. This study is aimed to examine the protective effects of dietary rice prolamin extract (RPE) against dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions in mice.MethodsBALB/c mice were fed diet supplemented with 0–0.1 % RPE for 6 weeks. For the last 2 weeks, 1 % or 0.2 % DNCB was applied repeatedly to the back skin of mice to induce AD-like lesions. Following AD induction, the severity of skin lesions was examined macroscopically and histologically. In addition, the serum levels of IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a were determined by ELISA, and the mRNA expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ in the skin was determined by real-time PCR.ResultsDietary RPE suppressed the clinical symptoms of DNCB-induced dermatitis as well as its associated histopathological changes such as epidermal hyperplasia and infiltration of mast cells and eosinophils in the dermis. RPE treatment also suppressed the DNCB-induced increase in transepidermal water loss. Dietary RPE inhibited the DNCB-induced enhancement of serum IgE and IgG1 levels, whereas it increased the serum IgG2a level in DNCB-treated mice. In addition, dietary RPE upregulated the IFN-γ mRNA expression and downregulated the IL-4 mRNA expression in the skin of DNCB-treated mice.ConclusionsThe above results suggest that dietary RPE exerts a protective effect against DNCB-induced AD in mice via upregulation of Th1 immunity and that RPE may be useful for the treatment of AD.
Highlights
Rice prolamin has been reported to possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and immune-promoting properties
We examined the protective effects of dietary supplementation of rice prolamin extract (RPE) on DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like lesions in BALB/c mice
Changes in the serum concentrations of IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a caused by DNCB and RPE treatments Because serum IgE levels are correlated with the severity of AD and the serum levels of IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a are associated with Th2 or Th1 immunity [1, 31], we examined the serum levels of these three Igs in mice to evaluate the effects of DNCB and RPE on systemic Th1 and Th2 immunities (Table 1)
Summary
Rice prolamin has been reported to possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and immune-promoting properties. AD is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that often begins in infancy. It causes enormous physical discomfort and imposes huge demands on time and resources [1]. Th2 cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD [4, 5] They synthesize high levels of IL-4 and other Th2 cytokines, which lead to immunoglobulinemia E, eosinophilia, Rice is a staple food worldwide [12]. Rice proteins are nutritious for humans with hypoallergenic properties among the cereal proteins. They consist of four important fractions, identified by differential solubility: water-soluble albumin, salt-soluble globulin, alkali-soluble glutelin and
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