Protective Effect of Cocoa Seeds Extract Application on PCNA Expression in Albino Mice Receiving DMBA Exposure

Junia Kirana

doi:10.11648/j.ajcem.20170504.11

Abstract

Skin cancer incidence is directly proportional to malignancies in other organs and represents a health problem. This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of topical cocoa extract application on PCNA expression in mice receiving DMBA exposure. This study was conducted in Animal Laboratory for DMBA administration and cocoa extract application, Bimolecular Laboratory of Hasanuddin University as the location of ELISA evaluation. The study used animal experimental method with pure experimental design to find out the role of topical cocoa seeds extract on the skin of mice receiving DMBA application in one week. Twenty mice were divided into 4 treatment groups: first group was control without skin protector, second group with ethanol application, third group with topical cocoa extract application 400 ppm, and fourth group was treated with 800 ppm topical cocoa with 100 ug DMBA exposure three times per week. After one week the treatment was terminated and skin biopsy was excised for PCNA expression evaluation using ELISA. Study findings indicate that 400 ppm and 800 ppm topical cocoa extract had a protective effect on PCNA expression with 400 ppm as the most effective dose.

Highlights

Skin tumor incidence in human skin has been increasing in the last twenty years and shows an increasing trend. [1] Skin cancer incidence is directly proportional to malignancies in other organs and represents a health problem
This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effect of topical cocoa extract application on Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in mice receiving DMBA exposure
This study involved 22 albino mice that were divided into five treatment groups: control group consisted of 4 mice without skin protection and provided with 100 ug DMBA exposure 3 times per week, second group consisted of 5 mice receiving ethanol and 100 ug DMBA exposure 3 times per week, third group consisted of 5 mice receiving 400 ppm topical cocoa seeds extract and 100 um DMBA exposure 3 times per week, fourth group consisted of 4 mice receiving 800 ppm topical cocoa seeds extract and 100 um DMBA exposure 3 times per week, and the last group consisted of 4 mice without treatment

Summary

Introduction

Skin tumor incidence in human skin has been increasing in the last twenty years and shows an increasing trend. [1] Skin cancer incidence is directly proportional to malignancies in other organs and represents a health problem. Further studies on mutations in human cancer proved the involvement of environmental carcinogen direct effect on several cancers, including skin cancers. Epidemiological data indicate a relationship between human cancers and lifestyle and diet, and various studies on mutation in cancers have proved the involvement of environmental carcinogen direct effect on their development. Benign skin tumors can grow expansively but not to the extent that can damage its surrounding tissues structures. This is due to the fact that benign tumors have capsules that separate between abnormal tumor cells and normal cells. There is less capsules, resulting in infiltration and damage the surrounding tissues. There is less capsules, resulting in infiltration and damage the surrounding tissues. [3]

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