Abstract
Objective:The objective of the present study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effect of Cassia glauca leaf extracts on normal and non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in rats. The study was further carried out to investigate the effect of different fractions of the active extract of Cassia glauca, on normal and NIDDM rats, and the effect of active fraction on the blood glucose and hepatic enzymes level.Methods:Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 90mg/kg, i.p. in neonates. Different extracts of cassia glauca (100mg/kg, p.o.) were administered to the diabetic rats. Acetone extract was found to lower the serum glucose level significantly in diabetic rats. Further, the acetone extract was subjected to column chromatography and four fractions were obtained on the basis of TLC. All the four fractions (100mg/kg, p.o.) were administered to the diabetic rats. Fraction 1 (F1) caused the maximum reduction in the blood glucose level. The results of the test were compared with the standard antidiabetic drug glibenclamide (5mg/kg, p.o.).Results:Fraction 1 of acetone extract caused a significant reduction in the levels of hepatic enzyme Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in STZ-induced diabetic rats.Conclusion:Improvement in the blood sugar level and normalization of liver functions by Cassia glauca indicates that the plant has hepatoprotective potential, along with antidiabetic activity, and it provides a scientific rationale for the use of Cassia glauca as an antidiabetic agent.
Highlights
There is still an unmet need for medicinal plants and phytopharmaceuticals with scientifically proven antidiabetic activity
Fraction 1 of acetone extract caused a significant reduction in the levels of hepatic enzyme Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in STZ-induced diabetic rats
Results of the test and standard groups were compared with the control group. *P
Summary
There is still an unmet need for medicinal plants and phytopharmaceuticals with scientifically proven antidiabetic activity. In non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) this β cell function gets impaired leading to deterioration in glucose homeostasis and subsequent development of impaired glucose tolerance and frank diabetes.[2,3] Hyperglycemia in the diabetics is associated with alteration of glucose and lipid metabolism and modification in liver enzymes level[4]. Liver is an important insulin dependent tissue which plays a pivotal role in glucose and lipid metabolism and is severely affected during diabetes.[5] In diabetes the levels of hepatic enzymes increases. The level of ALT increases due to hepatocellular damage and is always accompanied by an increase in AST activity. The ALT and AST activity has been used as an indicator of liver function.[6]
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