Abstract
BackgroundHepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia are common global health challenges but medicinal plant extracts may have potential to prevent them. Thus, this study evaluated the protective effect of aqueous extract of Lophira lanceolata leaf (LLE) against cisplatin-induced hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia in albino Wistar rats.MethodsThirty rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each. Group I rats received distilled water and served as control, group II rats were given 5 mg/kg cisplatin (CIS) intraperitoneally, groups III and IV rats were treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg LLE respectively for 26 days by oral gavages while groups V and VI rats were treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg LLE respectively, followed by CIS on the 21st day as in group II. About 24 h after treatment, blood was collected from the rats; then serum was separated and used for estimations of biochemical parameters. The kidney and liver of rats were removed, rinsed in normal saline, stored in 10% formalin and used for histological analyses.ResultsThe biomarkers of hepatic (Aminotransferases, Alkaline phosphatase and Bilirubin) and renal (urea and creatinine) injuries, and dyslipidemia (Total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol) significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the rats exclusively exposed to cisplatin when compared with normal control. However, treatment of cisplatin-exposed rats with 200 and 400 mg/kg LLE significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the levels of these biomarkers of hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia when compared with cisplatin control. Photomicrographs showed pathological signs in the liver and kidney of rats exclusively exposed to cisplatin, but there was moderate protection of these tissues in the rats treated with LLE and cisplatin.ConclusionThe current findings have shown that Lophira lanceolata leaf extract may provide moderate protection against cisplatin-induced hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia in albino Wistar rats.
Highlights
The liver plays a central role in transforming and detoxifying chemicals, so it is susceptible to their toxic effects [1]
Effect of Lophira lanceolata leaf extract on lipid profile and biomarkers of renal injuries in rats There was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the levels of T-cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol of cisplatin-exposed rats when compared with the normal control
Effect of Lophira lanceolata leaf extract on biomarkers of hepatic injuries in rats There was a significant (p < 0.05) elevation in the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Effect of Lophira lanceolata leaf extract on percentage organ to body weight ratio of rats There was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the weights of liver, kidney, ratio of liver to body weight and kidney to body weight of cisplatin-exposed rats when compared with normal control
Summary
The liver plays a central role in transforming and detoxifying chemicals, so it is susceptible to their toxic effects [1]. Recent epidemiological data suggests that approximately 20 new cases of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) per 100,000 persons occur annually [2]. The adverse effects of cisplatin occur by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased production of antioxidants, though the formation of ROS depends on the concentration and duration of exposure to the drug [8]. Hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia are common global health challenges but medicinal plant extracts may have potential to prevent them. This study evaluated the protective effect of aqueous extract of Lophira lanceolata leaf (LLE) against cisplatin-induced hepatorenal injuries and dyslipidemia in albino Wistar rats
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