Protective Eff ects of Aqueous Cranberry Fruit Extract against Genotoxicity Induced by Cisplatin in Mice Bone Marrow Cells

Abstract

The cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) is a North American native fruit and contains a very wide variety of phytochemicals which has several benefi cial eff ects on humans. Aim: The study was designed to assess the protective eff ect of cranberry fruit extract on selected genotoxic parameters induced by cisplatin in mice’s bone marrow. Methods: 56 male albino mice were randomLy divided into two equal numbers (28 mice)/for each part of the study [Part one: for the evaluation of chromosomal aberrations and the mitotic index; and Part two: for the evaluation of micronucleus index]; and for each part, mice were randomLy divided into 4 groups: Group I [negative Control/orally-administered normal saline]; Group II [Orally-administered cranberry fruit extract alone]; Group III [Single IP injection of cisplatin]; Group IV [Orally-administered cranberry fruits extract followed by a single IP injection of cisplatin]. Results: Treatment with cisplatin signifi cantly-increased total chromosomal aberration (0.159 ± 0.006) and micronucleus appearance (9.740 ± 0.531) but, it has a signifi cant decrease in mitotic index (6.020 ± 0.589) compared to that in negative control bone marrow cells. In addition, results showed that there were signifi cant changes in the total chromosomal aberration, micronucleus appearance, and mitotic index among the Groups (II, III, IV) (0.093 ± 0.015; 0.159 ± 0.006; 0.117 ± 0.002), (5.940 ± 0.568; 9.740 ± 0.531; 8.000 ± 0.479) and (8.720 ± 0.432; 6.020 ± 0.589; 7.480 ± 0.664), respectively in bone marrow cells. Conclusion: Cisplatin produced a pronounced eff ect on total chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus appearance, and mitotic index; and the cranberry fruit extract confers a protective eff ect against cisplatin-induced genotoxicity in mice.