Protection of quantum dialogue affected by quantum field

Abstract

In this paper, we present a secure quantum dialogue protocol (QDP) by using three-qubit GHZ states, which has high capacity and efficiency. However, a real quantum system unavoidably interacts with its environment, which results in the decoherence phenomenon. Decoherence will restrain the effective application of quantum communication protocols. Thus, in this article we also investigate the QDP affected by fluctuating massless scalar field, and how to protect the QDP in noisy environment. The master equation that governs the noisy QDP evolution is firstly derived. Then, we find that the success probability (SP) of QDP decreases exponentially with evolution time, and with a perfectly reflecting boundary SP can be effectively protected and modulated.