Protection of potatoes from late blight in Sakhalin

Abstract

The article presents long-term studies on the study of agrotechnical and chemical measures to combat potato late blight in the Sakhalin region. At the initial stage of work (1951-1966), the local population of the fungus Phytophtora infestans was studied, and a method for short-term prognosis of the disease was developed. For the first time, a complex of agrotechnical and chemical measures was developed: preplant germination and treatment of tubers with microelements (Cu, B, Mn); joint application of fertilizers and copper sulfate; double spraying of potato seedlings with microelements; fungicide treatments; removal of tops on seed plots before harvesting; post-harvest planting of seed material. Between 1996 and 2019 the improvement of disease control measures was carried out on the basis of the use of chemical and biological agents. In 1996-2003 among the studied modern fungicides, the most effective were systemic preparations (Acrobat MC, Ordan), as well as the combined use of Ordan with the biological product Planriz and Sodium Humate, which made it possible to reduce the development of the disease by 24.2-69.1% and increase the yield by 17.3-48.9%. According to the results of research in 2016-2019. Innovative combined action fungicides Infinito and Consento had the maximum protective effect against fungal infection. The use of drugs under production conditions made it possible to reduce the degree of damage to the vegetative mass by the pathogen by 56.5-60.0%, and increase the yield by 31.2-36.5%. Technical efficiency corresponded to 67-71%. The studied biopreparations (Trichocin, Vitaplan) are recommended for prophylactic treatment of potatoes in the initial period of vegetation.