Abstract
Salmonid larvae, especially rainbow trout larvae, are suffering from disease caused by infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) with high mortality worldwide. As well, IHNV strains had been isolated from rainbow trout in China and caused huge loss. Since there had been no commercial vaccine to control IHNV outbreaks in China, a DNA vaccine encoded glycoprotein based on a local isolated IHNV strain was developed with a series of CpG sequence used as adjuvant, and the protection of the vaccine under natural culture condition was carried out. As a result, a high survival rate of 85% was obtained in vaccinated fish compared with 60% in untreated group after a serious nature infection. An innate immune response was induced in the early state of infection represented by significant up-regulations of Mx-1 and IFN-γ, resulting in a low IHNV load in vaccinated fish. Moreover, specific antibody of IgM and neutralizing antibody (NAb) was provoked after the vaccination and expressions of CD4 and CD8 were gradually increased. These results suggested that both innate and adaptive immunity were induced by the DNA vaccine during the field trial, which may guide for further control of IHNV outbreaks in farm rainbow trout culture.
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