Abstract
Over half of the solar energy consists of near-infrared, and in addition to natural near-infrared, humans are increasingly exposed to artificial near-infrared from electrical appliances. Thus, we are exposed to tremendous amounts of near-infrared. Despite the wide prevalence of a variety of ultraviolet blocking materials, the necessity to protect against near-infrared has not been well recognized. To clarify the necessity to protect against near-infrared, we assessed cell viability of human fibroblast cells after water-filtered broad-spectrum near-infrared (1100 - 1800 nm together with a water-filter that excludes wavelengths 1400 - 1500 nm) treatment using 2 sets of transparent polycarbonate plates, one to block ultraviolet and the other to block both ultraviolet and near-infrared. The cell viability was significantly decreased after 10 rounds of near-infrared irradiation at 20 J/cm2 in near-infrared treated cells without a protective polycarbonate plate and near-infrared treated cells using the polycarbonate plate to block only ultraviolet. Assuming that the cell viability of the non-irradiated control to be 100, the cell viability of the near-infrared treated cells without any protection was 0.2. The cell viability of the near-infrared treated cells with the polycarbonate plate to block only ultraviolet was 0.3, whereas both ultraviolet and near-infrared protected cells retained a viability of 85.1. The results of this study indicate that protection from not only ultraviolet but also near-infrared should be considered to prevent skin damage.
Highlights
Despite the wide prevalence of a variety of UV blocking materials, such as sunblock, eyewear, films, umbrellas, and fibers, that are useful in protecting skin against UV exposure, NIR cannot be blocked and the necessity toHow to cite this paper: Tanaka, Y. and Gale, L. (2015) Protection from Near-Infrared to Prevent Skin Damage
The cell viability was significantly decreased after 10 rounds of NIR irradiation at 20 J⁄cm2 in NIR treated cells without a protective polycarbonate plate and NIR treated cells using the polycarbonate plate to block only UV
Over half of the solar energy is NIR, and in addition to natural NIR, humans are continuously exposed to artificial NIR from electrical appliances, the biological effects of NIR have not been well investigated
Summary
Despite the wide prevalence of a variety of UV blocking materials, such as sunblock, eyewear, films, umbrellas, and fibers, that are useful in protecting skin against UV exposure, NIR cannot be blocked and the necessity toHow to cite this paper: Tanaka, Y. and Gale, L. (2015) Protection from Near-Infrared to Prevent Skin Damage. How to cite this paper: Tanaka, Y. and Gale, L. (2015) Protection from Near-Infrared to Prevent Skin Damage. Gale protect against near-infrared has not been well recognized. NIR can penetrate the skin and the sclera and affect the deeper tissues, including muscles, lens, and retina, with its high permeability. NIR can induce various biological effects [1]-[19]. NIR can induce various kinds of tissue damage and diseases, such as undesirable photoaging [17] [18], long-lasting vasodilation [8], long-lasting muscle thinning [4], sagging and skin ptosis [17] [18], and potentially photocarcinogenesis, when biological NIR protection is not achieved [17] [18]
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