Abstract
In this paper, protection coordination problem of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) is discussed by simultaneously selecting time-current characteristic curve and optimizing settings of the relays. For this, DOCRs are assumed to be associated with three setting variables which are time multiplier-setting (TMS), plug-setting (PS) and curve-setting (CS) to obtain their correct operating times. The TMS and PS of all the relays are considered as continuous variables which are possible with numerical/digital relays whereas the CS is considered as a discrete variable and are associated with the selection of the time-current characteristics of the relay among normal inverse, very inverse and extremely inverse. The proposed coordination studies have been investigated on the IEEE 14-bus test system.
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