Abstract
Objective: The investigation has been conducted to find out the threshold dose of ethyl acetate fraction prepared from aqueous-methanol (40:60) extract of seed of Myristica fragrans (Houtt.) from the dose dependent experiment by noting the remedial effects of the said fraction on different complications developed in streptozotocin induced diabetic rat.Methods: Diabetic condition was made by single intramascular injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 4 mg/0.1 ml citrate buffer/100 g body weight. Treatment was conducted at different doses for 28 d on diabetic rat. Efficacy of the fraction on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum insulin levels, activities of key carbohydrate metabolic enzymes such as hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase of hepatic and skeletomuscular tissue as well as antioxidative enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) in connection with the levels of oxidative stress end products such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated diene (CD) in hepatic and renal tissue and gene expression of hexokinase-1, SOD, Bax, Bcl-2 in hepatic tissue were assessed.Results: After different doses of fraction treatment to the diabetic animals; FBG, serum insulin levels and activities of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes i.e. hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphatase were rectified towards the control at the level of p<0.05. There is a significant (p<0.05) recovery in the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and SOD in respect to the vehicle treated diabetic group. Oxidative stress end products such as CD and TBARS levels were increased significantly (p<0.05) in vehicle treated diabetic rats and was rectified significantly (p<0.05) after fraction treatment at the dose of 10 mg or 20 mg or 40 mg fraction treated group. Gene expression of hexokinase-1, superoxide dismutase, bax and bcl-2 was rectified towards vehicle treated control significantly at the level of p<0.05 after treatment of different doses of fractions to the diabetic animals.Conclusion: The study indicates that the seeds of Myristica fragrans at the dose of 20 mg/100 g body weight possess most effective outcome to manage diabetic disorders in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus has been termed as a set of metabolic dysfunctions associated with chronic hyperglycemia due to impaired secretion and/or action of insulin which results in distortion in the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein [1, 2]
Treatment of ethyl acetate fraction of aqueous-methanol: : 40:60 extract of seed of M. fragrans at the dose of 10 mg or 20 mg or 40 mg/100 g of body weight for 28 d to the diabetic rats resulted a significant diminution (p
From the comparative analysis of the data it was observed that 20 mg or 40 mg fraction treated group resulted a significant diminution (p
Summary
Diabetes mellitus has been termed as a set of metabolic dysfunctions associated with chronic hyperglycemia due to impaired secretion and/or action of insulin which results in distortion in the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein [1, 2]. Diabetes mellitus has been established to be high level of oxidative stress injury and an variation in the body’s antioxidant defense system [3, 4]. It is a common metabolic disorder with micro-and macrovascular complication that results morbidity and mortality. It is consider as one of the five leading reason of death in the world [5, 6]. The world health organization (WHO) recommended the consideration of plant and folk medicine for management of some diseases [9]. Various native remedial plants and extracts from different parts of these plants like root, leaf, flower, seed etc. have been [11,12,13] investigated for the management of diabetes
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