Protected Laparoscopic Large Ovarian Cyst Aspiration: A 5-Step Alternative to Laparotomy

Abstract

In this video, we describe a 5-step surgical technique that allows us to safely incise and aspirate the content of large ovarian cysts through a single-port laparoscopic incision. This allows performing laparoscopic oophorectomies instead of large xipho-pubic laparotomies. A stepwise demonstration of the technique with narrated video footage. Ovarian masses, especially cysts, are common gynecologic conditions [1]. However, depending on their size, large adnexal cysts are usually managed with transverse or midline laparotomies [2]. This is to prevent cyst ruptures and abdominal contamination and ensure oncological safety of the procedure [3-5]. Different leak-proof aspiration techniques have been described in the literature allowing for safe large cyst aspiration and adnexectomy through a mini-laparotomy incision or via laparoscopy [2,3,6-10]. We describe a 5-step surgical technique allowing for closed aspiration of ovarian intracystic fluid and adnexectomy while respecting oncological safety. Step 1: Perform diagnostic laparoscopy to rule out peritoneal carcinomatosis contraindicating this procedure and then after cyst exposition, thoroughly dry the cyst wall. Step 1 Bis: Cut the cuff of a sterile glove to prepare a square piece of membrane. Step 2: Place a protective gauze and then apply the surgical glue to the ovarian cyst wall followed by the glove/membrane application. Perform a purse suture through the glove/membrane and the ovarian wall superficially to ensure further adhesion and prevent ovarian fluid spillage. Step 3: Incise the ovarian wall, introduce the aspiration cannula and tighten the purse suture to aspirate the cystic fluid. Step 4: After aspiration is complete, tighten the suture and close the glove to guarantee a closed space and prevent abdominal contamination. Step 5: Perform laparoscopic oophorectomy or cystectomy. Safely remove the specimen in an endoscopic retrieval bag through the trocar incision. This technique allows safe laparoscopic large ovarian cysts resections while respecting oncologic safety and preventing intra-abdominal spillage and contamination.