Abstract
Fertility During the final stage of spermatogenesis, small, positively charged proteins known as protamines tightly package DNA in the mature sperm. Itoh et al. found that mice deficient in the heat shock protein Hspa4l, which is implicated in spermatogenesis, produced sperm with malformed heads and were sterile. Hspa4l kept protamine 2 dephosphorylated at a specific serine residue. Expression of an unphosphorylatable protamine 2 mutant reversed the infertility of Hspa4l-deficient mice, suggesting a pathway that could be targeted for fertility or contraceptive purposes. Sci. Signal. 12 , eaao7232 (2019).
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