Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis and Cardiovascular Device Related Infections

Abstract

Infections are known complications of prosthetic valves (PV) and cardiovascular devices (CD). PV and CD placement is increasing secondary to an extension of the indications for their use as well as an aging population. Thus there is an expanding population at risk for infection. Cardiac devices susceptible to infection include cardiovascular implantable electronic devices, coronary artery stents, pulmonary conduits, ventricular assist devices (VADs), total artificial hearts (TAHs) and intra-aortic balloon pumps. Rates of infections vary between devices with the highest rates occurring for VADs and TAHs.