Abstract
This article reviews the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in prostate cancer diagnosis. Systematic scan of Pubmed, Ovid, Medline, Elsevier search engines was used, additional information was found through bibliographic review of relevant articles. Results. Substantial progress has been made in the imaging of prostate cancer in MR imaging, as well as in advanced MR spectroscopy. MRI is a non-invasive and direct imaging modality useful for cancer staging, therapy response, detection of recurrence and guided biopsy in previous negative biopsies. MRI with 3.0T system, whole-body MRI, dynamic contrast enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS) have improved tumor staging, assessment of tumor volume, aggressiveness or recurrence. Implementation of endorectal/phased array superficial MRI findings on 1.5 or 3.0T systems into nomograms for prostate pretreatment prediction is warranted. Surface phasedarray coil MRI accurately defines prostate cancer with elevated risk of extraprostatic disease.
Highlights
The major goal for prostatic cancer (PC) imaging is more accurate disease characterization through the synthesis of anatomic, functional and molecular imaging information[1]
The Partin staging nomogram is based on clinical stage, Gleason score, serum prostatic serum antigen (PSA) level, nomograms are widely used for giving a prediction of the final pathologic stage, disease recurrence and estimate of biological potential
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) can evaluate tumor aggressiveness, signal intensity (SI) ratios from T2-weighted images (T2WI) and biochemical data from MRSI correlate with the Gleason score for PC Gleason score
Summary
This article reviews the potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in prostate cancer diagnosis. Systematic scan of Pubmed, Ovid, Medline, Elsevier search engines was used, additional information was found through bibliographic review of relevant articles. Substantial progress has been made in the imaging of prostate cancer in MR imaging, as well as in advanced MR spectroscopy. MRI is a non-invasive and direct imaging modality useful for cancer staging, therapy response, detection of recurrence and guided biopsy in previous negative biopsies. MRI with 3.0T system, whole-body MRI, dynamic contrast enhanced MRI, diffusion–weighted imaging (DWI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS) have improved tumor staging, assessment of tumor volume, aggressiveness or recurrence. Implementation of endorectal/phased array superficial MRI findings on 1.5 or 3.0T systems into nomograms for prostate pretreatment prediction is warranted. Surface phasedarray coil MRI accurately defines prostate cancer with elevated risk of extraprostatic disease.
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