Abstract
BackgroundThe risk of prostate cancer in melanoma patients has been frequently assessed. However, a comprehensive meta‐analysis specifically examining this association is lacking. Our aim was to quantify the risk of prostate cancer in melanoma patients based on the available evidence.MethodsA systematic review of the existing literature was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases by two authors independently. Studies reporting the effect size in the form of standardized incidence ratio (SIR) were used for quantitative analyses.ResultsOf 17 studies included in the review, a total of 15 studies with 282 592 male melanoma patients were used for the analysis. Random‐effects meta‐analysis found a 24% increased risk (SIR = 1.24, 95% confidence interval 1.18 to 1.30) of prostate cancer in melanoma patients compared to the general population, with a prediction interval of 1.05 to 1.45. The risk was consistently significant for various geographical regions and latitude. Heterogeneity was significant (I 2 = 75%).ConclusionThese results suggest that the incidence of prostate cancer is significantly higher in patients with melanoma compared to the general population.
Highlights
The worldwide incidence and mortality of cutaneous melanoma continue to rise.[1]
The random-effects meta-analysis of 15 studies revealed 24% increased risk of prostate cancer in melanoma patients compared to the general population, with standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.24
This study found that the melanoma patients were at higher risk of developing subsequent Prostate cancer (PC) than the general population
Summary
The worldwide incidence and mortality of cutaneous melanoma continue to rise.[1]. Melanoma is more common in lightskinned individuals living at lower latitudes.[2]. The risk of prostate cancer in melanoma patients has been frequently assessed. Our aim was to quantify the risk of prostate cancer in melanoma patients based on the available evidence. Results: Of 17 studies included in the review, a total of 15 studies with 282 592 male melanoma patients were used for the analysis. Random-effects meta-analysis found a 24% increased risk (SIR = 1.24, 95% confidence interval 1.18 to 1.30) of prostate cancer in melanoma patients compared to the general population, with a prediction interval of 1.05 to 1.45. Conclusion: These results suggest that the incidence of prostate cancer is significantly higher in patients with melanoma compared to the general population
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