Abstract
In 2017, migrants were 4.35% of the Chilean population, mainly from Peru and Colombia. From 2015, the amount of migrants from Central America, particularly from Haiti increased notably. This process changed the phenotype of the male population, increasing the proportion of black men, mainly between 20 and 50 years. Afro-descendant men have a higher risk for prostate cancer, and the tumor can appear as early as 40 years of age among them. This increase will have future repercussions on the public health system, since part of these men have low income and poor living conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss early detection strategies focused on this population, including education for both patients and health professionals. This review includes data on the reality of migration in Chile and its impact on the health system. The higher incidence and mortality of prostate cancer in the migrant population is reviewed and risk-adjusted screening strategies are proposed.
Highlights
Durante la historia de nuestro país, han ocurrido diversos procesos migratorios de importancia
Las crisis económicas en Argentina y Brasil posicionaron a Chile como una alternativa para los migrantes sudamericanos y en el último tiempo, del Caribe[1]
Determining optimal prostate-specific antigen thresholds to identify an increased 4-year risk of prostate cancer development: an analysis within the Veterans Affairs Health Care System
Summary
A nivel mundial, las estimaciones de GLOBOCAN indican que el 2018 habrá cerca de 1,3 millones de casos nuevos y 359.000 muertes asociadas a cáncer de próstata. Las estimaciones de incidencia y mortalidad para Chile son mucho mayores a los otros países de Sudamérica (Tabla 2)[4]. El cambio de país puede provocar un cambio en las tasas de incidencia y mortalidad de la población migrante, ya sea por un mayor riesgo de presentar o más probabilidad de detectar la enfermedad. Chile presenta mayor control de enfermedades infecciosas y nutricionales respecto de otros países latinoamericanos, lo que puede aumentar la expectativa de vida y la posibilidad de manifestar enfermedades no infecciosas, lo que, sumado a mejores estrategias de screening, podrían cambiar los indicadores poblacionales de cáncer de próstata
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