Prostaglandin F2 Alpha Triggers the Disruption of Cell Adhesion with Cytokeratin and Vimentin in Bovine Luteal Theca Cells.

Sang-Hee Lee,Seunghyung Lee

doi:10.3390/ani11041073

Sang-Hee Lee, Seunghyung Lee

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11041073

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Abstract

Simple SummaryLuteolysis is an important event in the control of the corpus luteum function in bovines. However, some aspects of the luteolytic mechanism remain unclear. We evaluated changes in cell adhesion in luteal cells during regression of corpus luteum. Bovine luteal theca cells (LTCs) were treated in vitro with Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α). Cytokeratin, vimentin and desmoplakin proteins in LTCs were disrupted by PGF2α, affecting cell adhesion. These results suggest that PGF2α plays an important function in cell adhesion during the regression of corpus luteum.Intermediate filaments (IFs) maintain cell–cell adhesions and are involved in diverse cellular processes such as cytokinesis, cell migration and the maintenance of cell structure. In this study, we investigated the influence of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) on cytokeratin and vimentin IFs, Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), and cell-cell adhesion in bovine luteal theca cells (LTCs). The luteal cells were isolated from bovine corpus luteum (CL), and the LTCs were treated with 0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mM PGF2α. Cytokeratin, vimentin and desmoplakin proteins were disrupted and the ROCK protein was significantly increased in PGF2α-treated LTCs. In addition, cell–cell adhesion was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the PGF2α-induced LTCs compared to control group (0 mM PGF2α). In conclusion, PGF2α affected the adhesion of cell to cell via disruption of desmoplakin, cytokeratin and vimentin, additionally increasing ROCK in bovine LTCs. These results may provide a better understanding of the mechanism of bovine CL regression.

Highlights

The corpus luteum (CL) is a temporary endocrine organ that synthesizes progesterone (P4) to establish and maintain pregnancy, and it repeatedly undergoes formation and regression during the estrous cycle [1]
The diameters of the luteal thecal cells (TCs) (LTCs) were smaller than those of luteal GCs (LGCs), and the LTCs were between the LGCs and luteal cells (LCs)
It is well known that there are morphologically diverse luteal steroidogenic cells (LSCs) and luteal endothelial cells (LECs) in bovine CL, and the proportion the number of cells is larger for LTCs than LGCs, but the volume of LGCs is approximately 13 times larger than that of LTCs [2]

Summary

Introduction

The corpus luteum (CL) is a temporary endocrine organ that synthesizes progesterone (P4) to establish and maintain pregnancy, and it repeatedly undergoes formation (luteogenesis) and regression (luteolysis) during the estrous cycle [1]. Large and small LSCs are referred to as luteal GCs (LGCs) and luteal TCs (LTCs), and they have different characteristics, such as the amount of P4 production and cellular surface molecules [8,9,10,11,12]. The roles of GCs and LGCs in follicular and luteal function have been the targets of intensive research, with much more interest spent on these cells compared to investigations of the roles of TCs and LTCs, probably due to greater availability of GCs for in vitro experiments, on the major site of gonadotrophin action and estrogen and P4 production in follicular and luteal function [13]

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