Prospectus of hydrogen enrichment in internal combustion engines: Methodological insights on its production, injection, properties, performance and emissions

Abstract

Hydrogen-enriched fuel has emerged as an important energy source for internal-combustion engines due to its cleanliness, continuous regeneration and efficient combustion. This review provides a synopsis of current developments in the field of hydrogen-enriched fueling for internal combustion engines. The purpose of this review article is to collect information on hydrogen enhancement in internal combustion engines and to provide a systematic viewpoint on their emissions and performance in various SI and CI engines. Firstly, the fundamentals of hydrogen enrichment followed by a full explanation of hydrogen production technologies as well as the characteristics of Hydrogen enriched mixtures of well-established IC engine fuels. In addition to this, the types of hydrogen injection systems are explained and the merits and demerits of each injection system are compared. Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of IC engines enriched with hydrogen are analyzed. Future research on hydrogen-enriched internal combustion engines has also been briefly outlined.