Prospects of using chemical and physical methods of raw material protection in sugar beet seed-growing

Abstract

Necessity to provide beet-growing farms with high-quality planting material determines the main vector of domestic sugar beet seed-growing development. And a special role in the crop seed-growing is assigned to improvement of the main methods including development of promising raw material storage technique. Aim of the investigations is to reveal influence of physical and chemical methods of raw material storage, both separately and in combination, on planting material safety as well as productivity of sugar beet seed-bearing plants. The investigations have been carried out by Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «The A. L. Mazlumov All- Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar» in 2019-2021. Objects of the studies are beet mother roots and seed-bearing plants of the domestic hybrid (RMS-127) male sterile form. The experiments have been performed in a beet root storehouse and isolated plots according to methodological recommendations and instructions for sugar beet seed-growing. The experiment scheme is: 1) control (without treatment); 2) treatment of beet roots mother with infra-red radiation (30 sec.) using the Minin reflector (blue lamp); 3) spraying of beet mother roots with the fungicide of «Kagatnik, VRK» (0.10 l/t); treatment with «Kagatnik, VRK» (0.10 l/t) + infra-red radiation (30 sec.); 5) treatment with «Kagatnik, VRK» (0.10 l/t) + the surfactant of «Allure, Zh» (0.003 l/t). As a result, treatment of sugar beet mother roots with the fungicide of «Kagatnik, VRK» together with infrared radiation as well as in a tank mixture with the surfactant of «Allure, Zh» makes it possible to reduce mass losses by 1.6-2.3 absolute % and proliferation by 21.4-23.3 absolute % during storage, and to increase the yield of suitable for planting beet roots by 6-7 absolute %. Positive dynamics of beet mother roots’ storage technique aftereffect on development and productivity of sugar beet seed-bearing plants has been determined. The yield increase of the obtained sugar beet seeds is 0.5 t / ha, and high quality of seed sowing fractions (3.5-4.5 mm and 4.5-5.5 mm) is 96-98 %.