Prospects of standardization of the internet of things in international communication organizations

Abstract

Research firm Gartner defines IoT as a network of physical objects that contain the means to interact with the environment and with each other, as well as to transmit information about their status and receive commands. McKinsey offers a less abstract definition: IoTs are sensors and drives built into physical devices and Internet connections over wired or wireless networks. IoT is developed not only by device manufacturers, but also by specialized organizations, including the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Industrial Internet Consortium and the IETF. In the recommendations of Y.2060 of the International Telecommunication Union, called the Overview of the Internet of Things, the Internet of Things appears as «a global infrastructure that provides complex services by connecting physical and virtual things based on existing and evolving, functionally compatible information and communication technologies». A thing in this definition means an object of the physical or virtual world that can be identified and connected to communication networks. A device in the context of IoT is an element of equipment that has the required communication capabilities and can perform measurements, operate under certain conditions, enter, store and process data. As is typical of any new concept, the process of standardizing the Internet of Things has gone from understanding the network architecture, requirements and capabilities of «things» and ways to apply them to specific technologies that allow to organize the Internet of Things direct interaction of «things» with each other and with devices and people from the outside environment. The article considers the peculiarities of the main organizations involved in IoT standardization at the global level, identifies technological, economic and social benefits of ISO standards, offers a variant of building a topology for the study of IoT protocols, which corresponds to the architecture of the Internet of Things.