Abstract
Photonic crystal fiber sensors have potential application in environmental monitoring, industry, biomedicine, food preservation, and many more. These sensors work based on advanced and flexible phototonic crystal fiber (PCF) structures, controlled light propagation for the measurement of amplitude, phase, polarization and wavelength of spectrum, and PCF-incorporated interferometry techniques. In this article various PCF-based physical sensors are summarized with the advancement of time based on reported works. Some physical PCF sensors are discussed based on solid core as well as hollow core structures, dual core fibers, liquid infiltrated structures, metal coated fibers, grating incorporated fibers. With the advancement of sensing technology the possibilities of temperature, pressure, strain, twist, curvature, electromagnetic field, and refractive index sensing are discussed. Also, limitations as well as possible solutions and future hopes are outlined.
Highlights
Introductionphotonic crystal fiber (PCF) was invented by invented by Russell and his colleagues at the end of 20th century [1]
photonic crystal fiber (PCF) was invented by invented by Russell and his colleagues at the end of 20th century [1].From its invention PCF is showing its potential in low loss communication and in many versatile and improved applications-sensing is one of them
Evolution of different type of PCF physical sensors are precisely discussed in this article
Summary
PCF was invented by invented by Russell and his colleagues at the end of 20th century [1]. Investigation of different physical parameters using photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is an integrative branch of optics as well as engineering. Propagation of light can be manipulated by changing the distribution of air holes as well as with the environmental change [2,3,4] This unique nature of PCF is drawing a lot of attention for its sensing applications from last two decades. The small physical dimensions of PCF-based sensing probes make them suitable for attaching or inserting in a system. These sensing probes can be connected with the control system without the use of any wire.
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