Abstract
Essential oils and their derivatives are considered alternative means for controlling many harmful insects. As well, their rapid degradation in the environment and increased specificity do not harm beneficial insects. A method for the determination of Neem oil residues in eggplant (Solanum melongenaL.) by GC/Ms Mass is described. In this study, the effect of Neem essential oil (Azadirachta indica Juss) as biopesticide on the economical production of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) was investigated. Prior to use, the volatile and organic constituents of commercial applied Neem essential oil were identified using FTIR analysis. After application, Azadirachtin is an active ingredient in neem oil which appears to cause 90% of the effect on most sucking pests. Among them, the major constituents are triterpenes known as limonoids, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Floride and Carbon atoms. Neem oil residues were detected in all samples from eggplant which were collected from the field after 12, 24 days of spraying. It appears that no effective material residue present.
Highlights
Neem oil is extracted from the Neem tree (Azadirachta indica Juss) a member of the Meliaceae family that originates in the Indian subcontinent and is valued worldwide as an important source of phytochemicals for use in human health and pest control (Norten and Pütz, 1999; Forim et al, 2014)
The major constituents are triterpenes known as limonoids; the most important being azadirachtin, which appears to cause 90% of the effect on most insect pests
Azadirachtinia very labile when exposed to air, moisture and sunlight. 5- Biological Activity of Neem Essential Oil: Field observation showed that five insect pest species were found in eggplant plots throughout the growing season; i.e., Spider mites (Tetranychus urticae); Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci); Thrips (Thrips tabaci) and Leafhopper
Summary
Neem oil is extracted from the Neem tree (Azadirachta indica Juss) a member of the Meliaceae family that originates in the Indian subcontinent and is valued worldwide as an important source of phytochemicals for use in human health and pest control (Norten and Pütz, 1999; Forim et al, 2014). Besides the determination of essential oil residues, a sample of the crops and leaves from each treatment were taken before and after to indicate the pest count. 5- Biological Activity of Neem Essential Oil: Field observation showed that five insect pest species were found in eggplant plots throughout the growing season; i.e., Spider mites (Tetranychus urticae); Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci); Thrips (Thrips tabaci) and Leafhopper
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