Prospects of Innovative Therapeutics in Combating the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Abstract

The sudden global crisis of COVID-19, driven by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), demands swift containment measures due to its rapid spread and numerous problematic mutations, which complicate the establishment of herd immunity. With escalating fatalities across various nations no foreseeable end in sight, there is a pressing need to create swiftly deployable, rapid, cost-effective detection, and treatment methods. While various steps are taken to mitigate the transmission and severity of the disease, vaccination is proven throughout mankind history as the best method to acquire immunity and circumvent the spread of infectious diseases. Nonetheless, relying solely on vaccination might not be adequate to match the relentless viral mutations observed in emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2, including alterations to their RBD domain, acquisition of escape mutations, and potential resistance to antibody binding. Beyond the immune system activation achieved through vaccination, it is crucial to develop new medications or treatment methods to either impede the infection or enhance existing treatment modalities. This review emphasizes innovative treatment strategies that aim to directly disrupt the virus's ability to replicate and spread, which could play a role in ending the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.