Prospects for use of man-made disturbed lands in mining regions for the location of renewable energy sources facilities

Abstract

This article describes the prospects for use of man-made disturbed lands of mining regions, which for a number of reasons are not subject to recultivation, in the context of the effective use of renewable energy sources. The use of renewable energy sources is considered, first of all, to satisfy energy needs, but taking into account their environmental value and renewability. It is shown the importance of decentralization of power supply sources for consumers, which can be achieved through the use of renewable energy sources. The article provides a brief structure of Ukraine's energy consumption. The main obstacles that stand in the way of the development of renewable energy sources and improvement of energy efficiency in Ukraine are analyzed. As one of the perspective directions for the introduction of renewable energy sources, the use of wind power plants is considered. The main advantages of wind energy are listed. Formulas for calculating the power of a wind power plant are provided. The gross potential, technical potential and economic potential of the implementation of wind power plants are considered. The coefficient of wind energy utilization, which depends on the wind speed, is given. The paper gives a comparative assessment of existing types of wind turbines – with a horizontal and a vertical axis of rotation. It has been proved that vertical axis wind power plans are more effective for implementation. The vertical axis wind power plans have their advantages. It is recommended to use vertical axis wind power plans with using of a magnetic levitation. This makes vertical axis wind turbines the most efficient. Due to the use of wind generators with a vertical axis of rotation of a turbine with a magnetic-levitating bearing, in the conditions of Kryvbas, vertical wind power plants can produce electricity more than 7 times more than traditional (horizontal) ones. It has been proven that the amount of generated electricity increases with the height of the wind turbine location. The article examines the ecological advantages of placing wind power plans on man-made disturbed lands of mining regions.