Prospects for the inter-branch optimization of modern agroecosystems

Abstract

The article substantiates the necessity of increasing soil fertility as the basis of an ecologically sustainable agrarian system. Based on the results of stationary experiments and theoretical studies, the efficiency factors of photosynthetically active radiation for different soil-climatic conditions are presented. Theoretical studies were carried out based on the results of stationary experiments of scientific and research institutions of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, laid down in different soil and climatic conditions with the aim of determining the doses of traditional and alternative organic and mineral fertilizers that ensure the reproduction of soil fertility and high productivity of crops. Among the problems of managing agrarian production systems, the special attention is paid to the lack of integrated production development plans. The stages of solving this problem are proposed on the basis of optimizing the ratio of crop and live-stock sectors using the information-analytical system. The possibilities for improving land use applying the «AIS.AGRO» complex are demonstrated using the example of an agricultural enterprise located in the northern part of the Poltava region. The structure of the agrolandscape and land use there is typical for the left-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The dominant soil is typical low-humus black soil with mean content of available phosphorus and potassium. Three variants of a business model, namely retrospective, modern and perspective (productivity of crop production at the level of 50 hundredweight fodder units per hectare, livestock - 1 basic cattle unit per hectare) were simulated. The increase in the total productivity of one hectare up to 52.9 hundredweight fodder units per hectare in the perspective model compared with the current model (32.3 hundredweight fodder units per hectare) is shown. At the same time, the need for mineral fertilizers to achieve a deficit-free balance of nutrients only increases by 8.6%. That is due to the increase in recirculation of nutrients from 51 to 60%, as well as the increase in the use of biological nitrogen from 23 to 65 kg per 1 hectare of arable land