Abstract
Despite substantial evidence for sex differences in addiction epidemiology, addiction‐relevant behaviors and associated neurobiological phenomena, the mechanisms and implications of these differences remain unknown. Genetic analysis in model organism is a potentially powerful and effective means of discovering the mechanisms that underlie sex differences in addiction. Human genetic studies are beginning to show precise risk variants that influence the mechanisms of addiction but typically lack sufficient power or neurobiological mechanistic access, particularly for the discovery of the mechanisms that underlie sex differences. Our thesis in this review is that genetic variation in model organisms are a promising approach that can complement these investigations to show the biological mechanisms that underlie sex differences in addiction.
Highlights
Sex and gender differences in many aspects of drug use, drug effect and substance use disorders (SUDs) are well-documented, but the biological mechanisms underlying these differences and their implications for risk, prevention and treatment are poorly understood
We argue that model organism studies show many sex differences in addiction-related phenomena, and that with recent improvements to genetic analysis methods in model organisms, these are amenable to genetic investigation
Genetic variation in humans and model organisms can be exploited in complementary ways to reveal the biological mechanisms that underlie sex differences in addiction
Summary
Follow this and additional works at: https://mouseion.jax.org/stfb2020 Part of the Life Sciences Commons, and the Medicine and Health Sciences Commons. Udita Datta, Sarah E Schoenrock, Jason A. James D Jentsch, Ryan W Logan, Lisa M Tarantino, and Elissa J Chesler. Funding information National Institute of Drug Abuse, Grant/Award Numbers: P50 DA039841, R01 DA028420, U01 DA043809, R01 DA037927, U01 DA041602, P50 AA017823
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