Abstract
First, they can be used as gene-specific probes to identify homologous sequences in cellular DNA or chromosomes by molecular hybridization and to detect restriction fragment length polymorphisms in these homologous sequences. Thus, it can be expected that numerous polymorphic genetic markers will soon be localized at random sites on pig chromosomes. These markers will in turn be used to assign potentially important genes to precise chromosomal regions and predict genotypes at the corresponding loci. Eventually, this could lead to the isolation and cloning of some of these genes. Next, functional genes can be introduced into cultured mammalian cells or into fertilized eggs, providing the opportunity to investigate their importance in pig’s main physiological traits and possibly to produce improved transgenic pigs.
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