Prospective study of Feto maternal outcome in pregnancies with reproductive tract anomalies

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital uterine anomalies are common but their effect on reproductive outcome is unclear. Congenital uterine anomalies result from abnormal formation, fusion or resorption of mullerian ducts during fetal life. The overall frequency of uterine or mullerian anomalies is 4%. In general fertile population the frequency of mullerian anomalies is 5%, in infertile population 3%. Recurrent miscarriages occur in 5-10% of cases. Materials and methods:A hospital based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among the pregnant women with uncorrected reproductive tract anomalies in the Shaheed NirmalMahto Medical College, Dhanbad, Jharkhand. All the pregnant women with uncorrected uterine anomalies, diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasound and/or hysterosalpingography admitted through emergency or OPD basis. The study was conducted for a period of two years from September 2018 to August 2020. Results: A total of 31 pregnant women with uterine anomalies were included in the study. Bicornuate uterus was the most common uterine anomaly (45.2%) followed by arcuate uterus (19.3%). Cesarean section was conducted in 72.6% of the pregnant women and its major indication was fetal malpresentation (breech). Maternal complications were present in 55% of the pregnancies and fetal complications in 52% of the newborns.