Abstract
Background: It is crucial to timely diagnose hearing impairments in infants as early intervention can lead to decrease in morbidity and better prognosis. This study was conducted as an attempt to find the incidence of hearing loss among high risk neonates, normal neonates and associated risk factor that can impair hearing in newborn. Aims & Objective: Screening of normal newborn delivered in our hospital to assess hearing. Material & methods: It was a descriptive study. A total no. of 1052 babies delivered in our hospital were screened for hearing assessment by 2 staged OAE screening and those who failed the second stage OAE were subjected to diagnostic Brain Stem Evoked Response Audiometry. The data was analyzed and results were compiled. These results were compared with other studies to identify the most likely risk factor associated with childhood hearing impairment. Results: Among 1052 babies, 254 babies had risk factors for hearing impairment and 20 babies (7.8%) showed hearing impairment, while out of 798 patients without risk factors 9 babies (1.12%) showed hearing impairment. Conclusion: OAE can be used as a neonatal screening tool as well as for the evaluation of a suspected pediatric population to help diagnose childhood hearing impairment at a very early stage, allowing for the rehabilitation the child within the critical period for speech and language development.
Highlights
WHO estimates that globally the number of people with hearing loss, defined as a loss of more than 40 dB on the hearing loss scale (> 40 dB HL), has more than doubled from 120 million in 1995 to at least 278 million in 2005, making this condition the most prevalent sensory deficit in the population [1,2,3]
We have used DPOAE in our study, Babies with the following risk factors were identified as high risk newborn: birth weight (2 days, babies who received ototoxic drugs and hypoglycemia
Table No 1: Distribution of cases according to risk factors for hearing loss
Summary
WHO estimates that globally the number of people with hearing loss, defined as a loss of more than 40 dB on the hearing loss scale (> 40 dB HL), has more than doubled from 120 million in 1995 to at least 278 million in 2005, making this condition the most prevalent sensory deficit in the population [1,2,3]. Significant hearing loss is one of the most common major abnormalities present at birth If undetected, it will impede speech, language and cognitive development. Children with a disabling hearing loss are at risk of delayed speech and language. This study was conducted as an attempt to find the incidence of hearing loss among high risk neonates, normal neonates and associated risk factor that can impair hearing in newborn. The data was analyzed and results were compiled These results were compared with other studies to identify the most likely risk factor associated with childhood hearing impairment. Conclusion: OAE can be used as a neonatal screening tool as well as for the evaluation of a suspected pediatric population to help diagnose childhood hearing impairment at a very early stage, allowing for the rehabilitation the child within the critical period for speech and language development
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