Abstract
Background: Giant cell tumour (GCT) of bone is a relatively rare, locally aggressive benign neoplasm associated with a wide pathological spectrum, ranging from latent benign to highly recurrent and, occasionally, malignant metastatic potential.
 Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 30 hospitalized patients for surgery in in Jaipur. We followed up all patients with GCT of the distal radius who were treated with en bloc excision and custom prosthetic replacement. All cases were evaluated based on clinical and radiological examinations, passive range of motion (ROM) of the wrist joint, complications, and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score.
 Results: Mean follow-up period was 52.36 months, mean resected length of the radius was 7.11±2.31 cm. One patient had tumor recurrence in the soft tissues after 16.32±2.31 months (recurrence rate 10.00 %). No patient had fracture, recurrence in the bone, metastases, or immune rejection. No complications were seen, such as loosening, rupture, or dislocation of the custom prosthesis. One patient developed superficial infection at the operative site which resolved after a course of antibiotics for 4 weeks. One patient experienced pain, which could be endured without the need for analgesics. Average ROM was 40.6° of dorsiflexion, 29.8° of volar flexion, 46.2° of supination, and 37.8° of pronation. Mean grip strength was 70 % (41–84 %). Overall revised MSTS score averaged 81.36 % with one being excellent, five good, and five satisfactory.
 Conclusion: The optimal treatment for GCTs arising around the knee remains controversial. Despite the trend towards better oncological control of this tumour after wide resections, the recurrence rates achieved through a more conservative procedure such as the curettage-based interventions seem to be acceptable. Additionally, curettage and local adjuvants allow for overall better function of the knee, in particular with proximal tibia GCTs.
 Keywords: GCT, MSTS, ROM
Highlights
Giant cell tumour (GCT) of bone is a relatively rare, locally aggressive benign neoplasm associated with a wide pathological spectrum, ranging from latent benign to highly recurrent and, occasionally, malignant metastatic potential.[1,2,3,4] This tumour is commonly observed in the long bone epiphyseal-metaphyseal regions of young adults, with the most common age of onset being between 20 and 40 years old
We followed up all patients with GCT of the distal radius who were treated with en bloc excision and reconstruction by ulnar translocation
One patient developed superficial infection at the operative site which resolved after a course of antibiotics for 4 weeks
Summary
Giant cell tumour (GCT) of bone is a relatively rare, locally aggressive benign neoplasm associated with a wide pathological spectrum, ranging from latent benign to highly recurrent and, occasionally, malignant metastatic potential.[1,2,3,4] This tumour is commonly observed in the long bone epiphyseal-metaphyseal regions of young adults, with the most common age of onset being between 20 and 40 years old. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the imaging modalities of choice for the diagnosis of this tumour.[1,2,3] One of the most distinguishing clinical features of GCTs is the formation of extensive osteolytic lesions in the long bone epiphyseal-metaphyseal transitional areas.[3,5] Histologically, mononuclear cells are the primary feature, and they determine the biological behaviour of this tumour.[2,6,7] GCTs occur mainly around the knee joint, involving the distal femur or the proximal tibia This tumour can involve virtually any bone, with the distal radius, proximal humerus, or the proximal femur as other frequent locations.[5,8]
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