Prospective Comparison of Laparoscopic Left Hemicolectomy for Colon Cancer with Laparoscopic Left Hemicolectomy for Benign Colorectal Disease

Abstract

Short-term outcome and anorectal function results after laparoscopic hemicolectomy for colon cancer were compared with results after laparoscopic hemicolectomy for benign diseases. A total of 108 patients who underwent laparoscopic left colectomy (60 for colon cancer, 48 for diverticulitis or polyposis) were enrolled in the study. Left hemicolectomy in patients affected by cancer was performed by high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery. A questionnaire concerning anorectal function was mailed to patients 6 months after surgery. Complications were more frequent in the cancer group than in the benign disease group: overall morbidity rate (29.6% versus 8.7%; P = 0.009), diarrhea during the first 6 postoperative months (58.7% versus 34.1%; P = 0.022), and anorectal function problems (fecal incontinence and/or the inability to discriminate between gas and stool, and/or urgency, and/or tenesmus) (65.2% versus 31.7%; P = 0.002). The level of ligation of the lower mesenteric artery and damage at the lower mesenteric ganglion could explain the poorer anorectal function outcome in the colon cancer group.